In numismatics (the study of coins), the strike type refers to the specific minting process used to create a coin. This affects the coin’s appearance, quality, and often its value to collectors.
Here are the main types of strikes:
- These are the most common type of coins, produced for everyday use and transactions.
- They are made in large quantities using high-speed presses with a focus on durability for circulation.
- The production involves annealing (softening) the blank metal discs (planchets) and then striking them once with the dies.
- Business strike coins may initially have a natural mint luster, but they are prone to acquiring scratches and dings during handling and transport.
- While not originally intended for collectors, high-grade examples (uncirculated) of business strikes are highly valued.
- These coins are produced with the highest level of craftsmanship and precision, specifically for collectors.
- The minting process involves using specially polished dies and planchets, often striking the coin multiple times under high pressure.
- This results in a mirror-like finish on the background (field) and frosted or matte design elements (devices), creating a striking contrast known as a cameo effect.
- [According to Coin Advisor] , reverse proof coins are a variation where the background is frosted, and the design elements are polished, creating the opposite effect.
- Proof coins are not intended for circulation and are handled with extreme care to maintain their pristine condition.
- They are often released in limited editions or special sets, enhancing their value and collectibility.
- These coins feature a matte-like finish achieved by polishing the planchets before striking.
- The polishing process, often involving tiny ceramic or glass balls in a rotating drum, smoothes the surface and gives it a matte appearance.
- Burnished coins are typically produced in limited quantities and are often part of special collector sets.
- These strikes were produced by the United States Mint between 1965 and 1967 as an alternative to proof coins during a shortage of proof coin blanks.
- [According to The Spruce Crafts] , SMS coins exhibit better quality than business strikes but lack the meticulous craftsmanship of proof strikes.
- They have a matte-like or satin finish, similar to burnished coins, but with a slightly more granular texture.
- SMS coins are known for sharper details and higher relief compared to regular circulation coins.
In summary
Understanding the different strike types is essential for appreciating the artistry, manufacturing processes, and historical context of coins. It also plays a significant role in determining a coin’s rarity, aesthetic appeal, and ultimately, its value to collectors.
What is the strike type on a coin?
Definition of Coin Strikes
It is also a combination of artistry, technical skill, and machinery to create a coin that is ready for circulation or collection. There are three main types of coin strikes used in coin production: the mint strike, proof strike, and burnished strike.
How do you tell what strike your coin is?
Great question! Strike characters help describe the strike of a coin beyond its numeric grade. You will find them listed after the numeric score and they are abbreviated. For example, an MS-67 1916 Mercury dime is typically listed as MS-67 FB but may read MS67FB without hyphens or spaces.