Different countries and different coin denominations utilize various materials in their coin production. However, most modern circulating coins are made from a combination of durable and affordable metals like copper, nickel, and zinc . The specific combination of metals can vary by coin, for example:
- Pennies are primarily composed of zinc with a layer of copper plating.
- Nickels are an alloy of 75% copper and 25% nickel.
- Dimes and Quarters are generally made from a cupro-nickel alloy (a mixture of copper and nickel) layered over a solid copper core.
- Gold and silver were common coinage metals in ancient and medieval times.
- Bronze (copper and tin) was also widely used, [particularly in ancient coins according to Coins Auctioned].
The change from precious metals to less expensive alloys in modern coins was driven by factors such as:
- Rising cost of precious metals: As gold and silver became more valuable, it became impractical to use them for everyday coinage where the metallic value might exceed the face value of the coin.
- Durability: Alloys like cupro-nickel offer excellent wear resistance, allowing coins to withstand frequent handling and circulation.
What are coins made of?
Great question! Today’s coins are made from metals such as nickel, copper, and zinc. Instead of using one metal to make a coin, multiple kinds of metal are pressed together into layers. This is called a “clad” coin. The layers of a clad coin are like a sandwich.
Are all nickels 75% copper?
The pre-war composition returned in 1946; all nickels struck since then have been in 75% copper and 25% nickel. In 1966, a small change was made to the design to add the initials of the designer (FS) to the obverse, underneath Jefferson’s portrait.
What is a $2 coin made out of?
The $2 coin is made of 92% copper, 6% aluminium and 2% nickel. It is circular in shape, and has an interrupted milled edge. It weighs 6.6 grams and is 20.5 millimetres in diameter.